What is Feline Leukemia?
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is a contagious and potentially life-threatening viral infection that is transmitted primarily through saliva, blood, and close contact between cats. Common modes of transmission include:
- Grooming
- Sharing food and water dishes
- Sharing litter boxes
- Bite wounds
- In some cases, from a mother cat to her kittens
While the virus is relatively prevalent in feline populations-especially in outdoor or multi-cat environments-it is important to note that FeLV is species-specific and cannot be transmitted to dogs, humans or other non-feline animals.
What Are The Clinical Signs of Feline Leukemia?
Feline Leukemia Virus is recognized as one of the most prevalent and serious infectious diseases in cats, affecting an estimated 2-3% of the global feline population. This virus can have a profound impact on a cat's overall health, compromising the immune system and increasing susceptibility to a wide range of secondary infections, blood disorders, and certain cancers.
FeLV often progresses in stages, and during the early phase of infection, many cats may appear completely healthy, exhibiting no outward signs of illness. However, as the virus continues to affect the immune system, an infected cat may begin to experience recurrent or persistent illness, reflecting the body's declining ability to fight off disease. Some clinical signs of FeLV are:
- Weight loss
- Poor coat condition
- Inappetence
- Persistent fever
- Pale gums
- Diarrhea
- Eye conditions
Because the clinical signs of FeLV can be subtle or delayed, early detection through diagnostic testing and proactive vaccination-particularly for at-risk cats-is essential in managing the spread and impact of the disease. At Salish Veterinary Hospital, we are committed to educating pet owners about the risks associated with FeLV and providing comprehensive care to help protect your cat's long-term health and well-being.
Is The Feline Leukemia (FeLV) Vaccine Recommended?
At Salish Veterinary Hospital, we recommend the feline leukemia vaccine as part of the initial preventative care plan for all kittens and cats, regardless of lifestyle. This initial protection is crucial during the early stages of life when kittens may not yet have clearly defined exposure risks. However, we strongly emphasize the importance of continued vaccination for cats who spend time outdoors or live in environments where they may come into contact with unknown or unvaccinated cats.
Vaccinating against FeLV is one of the most effective ways to protect your cat from a virus that can lead to a range of serious health issues, including immune suppression, anemia, and certain types of cancer. During your pet's wellness visit, our veterinary team will evaluate your cat's lifestyle and potential risk factors to determine whether ongoing vaccination is appropriate. Our goal is to provide personalized, proactive care to help ensure your cat lives a long, healthy, and protected life.